Information security concepts and practices: the case of a provincial multi-specialty hospital

In recent years, major and widely accepted information security understandings and achievements confirm that the problem is complex. They clarify that technologies are fundamental tools, but management processes have even bigger relevance, as also prestigious international magazines dossier clearly explained recently. Such a magazine attention outlines the wide impact that the subject has on watchful decision makers. ISO17799 is an emerging standard in information security. In principle there are no reasons for considering it not applicable to the health care sector. In practice, because of both the just conceptual level of the standard and the peculiarities of the health care data and institutions, a lot of analysis and design work need to be invested any time a health care institution decides to deal with the subject. CEN/ENV 12924 is another emerging standard certainly more on the spot of the health care. Nevertheless, it also asks for evident further investigation. The practical case of information security design, implementation, management, and auditing inside a multi-specialty provincial Italian hospital will be described.     

Early dissemination of Borrelia burgdorferi without generalized symptoms in patients with erythema migrans

The diagnosis of erythema migrans (EM) is not always easy, and reports of culture- or PCR-confirmed diagnosis as well as reports of EM with simultaneous disseminated disease are few. Characteristics and incidence of EM in addition to frequency of early dissemination of B. burgdorferi were studied in the archipelago of South-Western Finland prospectively using questionnaires, skin biopsies and blood samples. Clinical EM was recognized in 82 patients (incidence 148/100,000 inhabitants/year). Of skin biopsy samples, 35.5% were positive by PCR (the majority B. garinii), and 21.5% by cultivation (all B. garinii). Of blood samples, 3.8% were positive by PCR, and 7.7% by cultivation. Of the patients, 30.9% were seropositive at the first visit, and 52.9% 3 weeks later. Of the patients with laboratory confirmed diagnosis, the EM lesion was ring-like in 31.8% and homogeneous in 65.9%. Dissemination of B. burgdorferi, based on culture or PCR positivity of blood samples, was detected in 11.0% of the patients. The frequency of generalized symptoms was nearly the same in patients with as in those without dissemination (22.2% vs 27.4%). Only 21.4% of the patients with culture-positive EM recalled a previous tick bite at the site of the EM lesion. We conclude that EM lesions are more often homogeneous than ring-like. B. burgdorferi may disseminate early without generalized symptoms.     

Designs for Instruction, Designs for Change: Distributing Knowledge of Evidence-Based Practice

We comment on the target article by Weingardt (this issue), which discusses recent advances in instructional design and technology (IDT) and their implications for dissemination of evidence-based practices. These arguments are extended to the topic of psychological intervention design, and possibilities for new intervention structures are briefly explored. Finally, comments are offered on maintaining a careful balance between technological and social processes in the effort to promote the dissemination of innovative and evidence-based psychological procedures.     

NC在医院信息化建设中的研究与应用

本文对医院信息化建设中存在的问题进行分析研究，提出网络计算机（NETWORK COMPUTER）的解决方案。通过NC与PC在性能、适用性、性价比等方面的对比研究与测试。得出NC在医院信息管理中的高可用性。     

ECLIPS: An extended clinical laboratory information processing system

The clinical laboratory is regarded as a component of the medical care system extending from physician to laboratory staff and back to physician. From this concept a computer-based system of laboratory information is derived, emphasizing: (1) total laboratory responsibility for the test and its request, and (2) physician-oriented output reports.     

A Negative Slow Wave Related to Conceptual Load Which Vanishes if the Amount of Load is Increased? A Reply to Ruchkin and Johnson

Ruchkin and Johnson (1991) claim that the mode of responding used by Rösler & Heil (1991) may have camouflaged effects of a negative slow wave that Ruckin et al. (1988) had found to be related to the difficulty of mental calculation problems. This criticism is addressed by three arguments which support the interpretation of Rösler and Heil (1991). According to this view, the negative slow wave in question is more likely related to unspecific processing factors, such as effort and event expectation, than to specific processing demands such as these induced by mental arithmetic.     

临床医师绩效评价系统应用体会

目的介绍我院自主研发的临床医师绩效评价系统在现代医院管理中的应用经验。方法基于医院信息系统的数据资源库，应用临床医师绩效评价系统促进病人选医生工作、开展临床医师绩效评价工作、辅助医院医疗管理工作。结果通过临床医师绩效评价系统的应用，促进了医院社会效益、经济效益和管理效益的全面提高。结论临床医师绩效评价系统的应用能够促进医患关系、提高医疗质量和加强科学管理。     

农业科技期刊论文发表中的信息安全问题及应对策略

【目的】 分析农业科技论文中的信息安全问题,指出信息安全关键点,为防止因学术传播泄露国家(企业)机密和保护信息安全提供参考。【方法】 依据我国相关法律法规以及编辑工作实践,对农业科技期刊论文发表中的信息安全关键点进行分析。【结果】 总结出农业科技论文中的信息安全关键点,即全国性的农业基础数据、涉密的科研项目、生物育种技术、食品安全、动物疫情、植物病害、地理信息、气象信息等。针对信息安全问题提出如下应对策略:提高编辑人员信息安全意识和涉密数据识别能力、建立完整的信息安全审查机制、联合探索信息权限控制技术手段、对作者加强信息安全知识宣传、增加行业期刊间的沟通与交流。【结论】 编辑部应将国家安全和利益放在重要位置,以国家法律法规以及农业农村部的有关规定为依据,把控农业科技论文信息安全关键点,确保发表论文的信息安全。     

学术期刊关联数据出版与共享中的信息安全管理

【目的】 对我国学术期刊关联数据出版与共享中的信息安全管理的概念、政策及其存在的问题进行梳理,有助于科学数据出版与共享工作的推进。【方法】 基于我国科学数据出版与共享的演化过程,以及地理资源期刊在科学数据共享方面的现状与发展情况,对期刊论文关联数据出版和安全管理情况进行分析,对平台间合作的模式进行探讨。【结果】 为实现科学数据的价值最大化,中国自上而下建立起了科学数据共享系统,包括网络基础设施、数据库、数据中心、数据服务平台等,制定了一系列数据获取和管理规范,并制定了保障科学数据信息安全的相关法律。【结论】 科学数据出版与共享应建立在安全的基础上。经过初期的大规模建设后,数据出版与共享及其安全管理应走向“提质增效”阶段,要注重高新技术的注入和专业人才的培养。在管理措施上要以保证数据安全为基础,以数据质量为核心,从而提升信息安全管理水平,提高数据再应用效率。     

Comparison of the PROMIS Preference Score (PROPr) and EQ-5D-5L Index Value in General Population Samples in the United Kingdom,France, and Germany

ObjectivesThe Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Preference score (PROPr) can be used to assess health state utility (HSU) and estimate quality-adjusted life-years in cost-effectiveness analyses. It is based on item response theory and promises to overcome limitations of existing HSU scores such as ceiling effects. The PROPr contains 7 PROMIS domains: cognitive abilities, depression, fatigue, pain, physical function, sleep disturbance, and ability to participate in social roles and activities. We aimed to compare the PROPr with the 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) in terms of psychometric properties using data from 3 countries.MethodsWe collected PROMIS-29 profile and EQ-5D-5L data from 3 general population samples (United Kingdom = 1509, France = 1501, Germany = 1502). Given that cognition is not assessed by the PROMIS-29, it was predicted by the recommended linear regression model. We compared the convergent validity, known-groups construct validity, and ceiling and floor effects of the PROPr and EQ-5D-5L.ResultsThe mean PROPr (0.48, 0.53, 0.48; P<.01) and EQ-5D-5L scores (0.82, 0.85, 0.83; P<.01) showed significant differences of similar magnitudes (d = 0.34; d = 0.32; d = 0.35; P<.01) across all samples. The differences were invariant to sex, income, occupation, education, and most conditions but not for age. The Pearson correlation coefficients between both scores were r = 0.74, r = 0.69, and r = 0.72. PROPr’s ceiling and floor effects both were minor to moderate. The EQ-5D-5L’s ceiling (floor) effects were major (negligible).ConclusionsBoth the EQ-5D-5L and the PROPr assessed by the PROMIS-29 show high validity. The PROPr yields considerably lower HSU values than the EQ-5D-5L. Consequences for quality-adjusted life-year measurements should be investigated in future research.